Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks
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Scalable Design of Paired CRISPR Guide RNAs for Genomic Deletion

Scalable Design of Paired CRISPR Guide RNAs for Genomic Deletion | Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks | Scoop.it
Author Summary CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary biological technique for precisely editing cells’ genomes. Amongst its many capabilities is the deletion of defined regions of DNA, creating a wide range of applications from modelling rare human diseases, to performing very large knock-out screens of candidate regulatory DNA. CRISPR-Cas9 requires researchers to design small RNA molecules called sgRNAs to target their region of interest. A large number of bioinformatic tools exist for this task. However, CRISPR deletion requires the design of optimised pairs of such RNA molecules. This manuscript describes the first pipeline designed to accomplish this, called CRISPETa, with a range of useful features. We use CRISPETa to design comprehensive libraries of paired sgRNA for many thousands of target regions that may be used by the scientific community. Using CRISPETa designs in human cells, we show that predicted pairs of sgRNAs produce the expected deletions at high efficiency. Finally, we show that these deletions of genomic DNA give rise to correspondingly truncated RNA molecules, supporting the power of this technology to create cells with precisely deleted DNA.
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We the scientists present CRISPETa, a pipeline for flexible and scalable paired sgRNA design based on an empirical scoring model. Multiple sgRNA pairs are returned for each target, and any number of targets can be analyzed in parallel, making CRISPETa equally useful for focussed or high-throughput studies.

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Comparison of CRISPR/Cas9 and TALENs on editing an integrated EGFP gene in the genome of HEK293FT cells - 

Comparison of CRISPR/Cas9 and TALENs on editing an integrated EGFP gene in the genome of HEK293FT cells -  | Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks | Scoop.it
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In this work, the scientists compre TALEN and CRISPR to target two loci within the EGFP gene. They find that the CRISPR system induced targeted genomic deletion more efficiently and precisely than TALENs. However, TALENs stimulated homology directed repair more efficiently than CRISPR system and caused fewer targeted genomic deletions.

These data suggest that the choice of genome editing tool should be determined by the desired genome editing outcome. Such a rational approach is likely to benefit research outputs for groups working in fields as diverse as modification of cell lines, to animal models for disease studies, or gene therapy strategies.

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Functional analysis of a chromosomal deletion associated with myelodysplastic syndromes using isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells - Nature Biotechnology

Functional analysis of a chromosomal deletion associated with myelodysplastic syndromes using isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells - Nature Biotechnology | Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks | Scoop.it



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The scientists used cellular reprogramming and genome engineering to functionally dissect the loss of chromosome 7q, a somatic cytogenetic abnormality present in myelodysplastic syndromes. They used a phenotype-rescue screen to identify candidate haploinsufficient genes that might mediate the del(7q)- hematopoietic defect. Their approach highlights the utility of human iPSCs both for functional mapping of disease-associated large-scale chromosomal deletions and for discovery of haploinsufficient genes.


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Functional genetic characterization by CRISPR-Cas9 of two enhancers of FOXP2 in a child with speech and language impairment

Functional genetic characterization by CRISPR-Cas9 of two enhancers of FOXP2 in a child with speech and language impairment | Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks | Scoop.it
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In this study, the scientists used highly efficient targeted chromosomal deletions induced by the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool to characterise two functional enhancers: FOXP2-Eproximal and FOXP2-Edistal, located in the intergenic region between FOXP2 and its adjacent MDFIC gene. Deletion of any of these two functional enhancers in a neuroectodermal tumor cell-line downregulates FOXP2 and decreases FOXP2 protein levels, conversely it upregulates MDFIC and increases MDFIC protein levels. The authors expect these findings contribute to a deeper understanding of FOXP2 and MDFIC may pace the development of speech and language in the brain.

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Large Genomic Fragment Deletions and Insertions in Mouse Using CRISPR/Cas9

Large Genomic Fragment Deletions and Insertions in Mouse Using CRISPR/Cas9 | Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks | Scoop.it



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In this report, CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to make large DNA fragment deletions and insertions, including entire Dip2a gene deletion, about 65kb in size, and β-galactosidase (lacZ) reporter gene insertion of larger than 5kb in mouse. About 11.8% (11/93) are positive for 65kb deletion from transfected and diluted ES clones. High targeting efficiencies in ES cells were also achieved with G418 selection, 46.2% (12/26) and 73.1% (19/26) for left and right arms respectively. Targeted large fragment deletion efficiency is about 21.4% of live pups or 6.0% of injected embryos. Targeted insertion of lacZ reporter with NEO cassette showed 27.1% (13/48) of targeting rate by ES cell transfection and 11.1% (2/18) by direct zygote injection.


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